Ebola Outbreak in DRC and Uganda Declared International Health Emergency

The Ebola outbreak, caused by the Bundibugyo virus, is concentrated in the Ituri Province of the DRC and Kampala, Uganda.

As of May 16, 2026, there have been eight laboratory-confirmed cases, 246 suspected cases, and 80 suspected deaths reported in the DRC. Two confirmed cases (one death) in Kampala, Uganda, and one confirmed case in Kinshasa, DRC, have also been reported.

There are concerns about healthcare-associated transmission due to deaths among healthcare workers and gaps in infection prevention and control measures.

The WHO considers the event extraordinary due to uncertainties in the true number of infected persons, geographic spread, and lack of approved therapeutics or vaccines for the Bundibugyo virus.

International spread is confirmed with cases in Kampala, Uganda, prompting heightened preparedness in neighboring countries due to population mobility and trade linkages.

The WHO will convene an Emergency Committee to advise on temporary recommendations for States Parties to respond to the event.

Surveillance and Reporting:: The high positivity rate of initial samples suggests a potentially larger outbreak than currently detected. The increasing trends in syndromic reporting of suspected cases and clusters of deaths across the Ituri province highlight the need for enhanced surveillance and reporting mechanisms.

Healthcare Infrastructure:: Concerns regarding healthcare-associated transmission and deaths among healthcare workers point to gaps in infection prevention and control (IPC) measures within healthcare facilities. Strengthening IPC protocols and providing adequate training and equipment for healthcare workers are crucial.

Community Engagement:: Engaging local, religious, and traditional leaders is essential to ensure community participation in case identification, contact tracing, and risk education. Addressing cultural norms and beliefs that hinder participation is also vital.

Border Health and Travel:: Cross-border screening and screening at main internal roads are recommended to prevent the further spread of the virus. Restricting international travel of Bundibugyo virus disease contacts or cases is advised, with exceptions for medical evacuations.

Resource Allocation:: Establishing a strong supply pipeline is necessary to ensure the availability of medical and laboratory commodities, especially personal protective equipment (PPE).

Q: What is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)?

Q: What are the key concerns regarding this Ebola outbreak?

Q: What measures are recommended for affected countries?

Staying informed about the outbreak and following guidance from health authorities.

Supporting efforts to strengthen healthcare infrastructure and community engagement in affected regions.

Advocating for research and development of therapeutics and vaccines for the Bundibugyo virus.