* **Q: Is asteroid 2024 YR4 going to hit Earth?
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Space / Asteroids
Asteroid 2024 YR4, previously causing concern due to a potential Earth impact risk in 2032, has been reassessed using the powerful James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). While the new data confirms Earth is safe, it highlights a small but real...
## Background: From "City-Killer" Threat to Scientific Curiosity
Asteroid 2024 YR4 captured global attention after its discovery in December 2024. Initial calculations of its trajectory revealed a concerning 3.1% chance of impacting Earth in December 2032. An impact from this roughly 200-foot (60-meter) object could release energy equivalent to over 500 Hiroshima bombs, potentially devastating a city-sized area.
This high initial probability prompted the allocation of emergency observation time on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Unlike ground-based telescopes primarily using visible light, JWST's infrared sensors can directly detect heat emitted by the asteroid, providing more accurate data on its size and composition.
## JWST Observations Bring Relief and New Insights
The first JWST observations, conducted on March 26, 2025, definitively ruled out the possibility of an Earth impact. The data also refined our understanding of 2024 YR4, indicating it's slightly larger and likely rockier than first thought.
## A Front-Row Seat to a Lunar Impact?
While Earth is safe, the JWST data indicates a lingering ~2% chance the asteroid could strike the Moon on December 22, 2032. Such an event poses no threat to Earth. However, scientists like Andrew Rivkin (Johns Hopkins University) and Alan Fitzsimmons (Queen's University Belfast) are intrigued by the prospect.
"We've got our fingers crossed for a moon impact," Fitzsimmons told New Scientist, noting it "would allow us to study the formation of a lunar crater by a known asteroid for the very first time."
## Next Steps
A second round of JWST observations scheduled for May 2025 aims to further refine 2024 YR4's orbital path and provide a clearer picture of the likelihood of a lunar impact.
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